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(No Model.)

F. B. NORTON.

METHOD VOP AND APPLIANGES EOE BURNING SOLID EME'EY- WHEELS. No. 260,890; Patented July 11, 1882.,

u INvENTm1=\ 5mm@ and@ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN B. NORTON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF AND APPLIANCES FOR BURNING SOLID EMERY-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 260,890, dated July 11, 1082. Application tiled April 20, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN B. NORTON, ofNVorcester, in the county ot Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented 'certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of and Appliances for Burning Solid Emery- Wheels; and I declare the following to be a description of my said invention sutticiently full, clear, and exact to enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a partof this specification.

My present invention relates to certain irnprovements in the method of baking or burning solid emery-wheels, and to certain improved devices employed in the burning operation, the object being to render the process more convenient and more certain in its results; to produce wheels of uniform grade and ofequal texture, strength, and quality throughout, also to permit free expansion of the wheels while undergoing the burning operation; to avoid warping or twisting of the wheels by unequal pressures or overheating, and to prevent injury from direct fire contact at any particular point on the wheel. These objects l attain by the process and means such as hereinafter described, the particular subjectmatter claimed being definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure l represents a vertical central section through a stand77 ofV wheels, as arranged in accordance with my invention, ready for burning within the kiln. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section ot the same. Fig. 3 is a plan View ot a sectional ring for surrounding the wheel in the stand. Fig. 4 is a side view ot the sectional ring. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of the ring-joint, and Figs. 7 and 8 represent views of the tile or bat77 employed for supporting the small wheels, showing the manner of forming the surface or bed for the wheel to rest upon.

In my process of burning solid emery-whcels an ordinary pottery-kiln is employed, the wheels being arranged therein in piles or stands, such as herein shown and described, and the iirin g of the kiln being conducted substantially in the same manner as for burning stoneware or other pottery.

The essential features of my invention com- Y l prise the manner in whichthe stands ot'wheels are built up and the arrangement ofthe wheels therein; also the appliances for forming the stands and supporting the wheels during the process of burning.

In the reference, A denotes the iloor or hearth ofthe kiln, with fire-openings a from the furnaces beneath.

B indicates the stand, which is built up in the following manner: A sagger, O, is supported at a few inches height from the door A by `pieces ot' brick a. Upon the top of this sagger C is placed a circular tile, D, ot' refractory brick material, and some three inches (more or less) in thickness. This tile D is covered to the depth ot' about one inch (more or less) with loose comminuted quartz or quartzsand E, the top surface whereof is, by the aid ot' a suitable instrument, leveled 0E perfectly true and even to form a supporting-bed for the emery-wheel F, which is laid thereon at acentral position, as shown,said wheel having been previously molded, dried, and dressed to the proper shape and size required. refractory brick material, having an inner diameter some two to four inches (more or less) greater than the diameter ot' the wheel F, is

then placed around the periphery, resting on the outer edge ot' the tile D and extending above the top level of the wheel to about onehalt its height. Said rings G. are formed in sections with overlapping joints, as at g, which can slide against each other to permit eXpansion of the circle without separating the parts. When the ring-sections have been placed in position bars J, of potters7 clay, are placed on the inner side ofthe ring G to cover thejoints g, and the intervening space between the ring G and Wheel F is illed in with loose quartzl sand or com minuted material, such sand being also filled in upon the top surl'ace ot' the wheel to a depth ot' one inch, more or less, thereby covering or burying it entirely, with the exception of the central eye, f, which is left open in the manner illustrated.

A at orluting of clay, i, is then laid around the top edge of the ring G, and a second tile, D, is laid thereon, the ring G being of suicient height to leave some inch or two of vacant space between the top ofthe sand E, which covers the wheel F, and the bottom of the tile A ring, G, ot

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D above it.

Several courses of wheels are in like manner arranged one above another until the stand has reached the desired height, each wheel F being laid upon a level bed of quartzsand, independently supported by a tile, D, and surrounded by a sectional ring, G, the periphery ofthe wheels being buried in quartzsand in the manner illustrated.

The several joints between the tiles and ring are protected by clay hats t' and bars J, so that tire cannot work in through said joints to impinge on any part of the wheels, which are completely inclosed Within a refractory casing away from direct action of the flames. Upon the top of the stand I burn the smaller wheels F, which I arrange as follows: A small tile or bat, d, is leveled off with a surfacing of loose quartz-sand, e, by heaping it with such sand, and then passing a straight-edge, 7c, across it, as indicated in Fig. S, taking off the surplus and leaving a true plane surface, upon which the wheel F is laid. Several of these small bats d and wheels F' are placed upon the upper large tile, D, each one being covered by a small sagger, c, as indicated, and upon each of these small saggers another hat and wheel is placed. The whole of these small wheels F are then covered by a large sagger, C', in an inverted position, and resting on a flat of clay beneath its edge. The stand is then complete, ready for the firing operation.

The rings G may be made in three, four, or any convenient number of sections desired. These sections, with their lapped joints, permit ofthe easy expansion ofthe wheelswhen heated,

without subjecting them to great or unequal pressure, while they confine the loose quartzsand and prevent it from working away from the wheel, and permitting the lire to impinge directly against the wheel at any portion of it. The clay bars J protect the opening and prevent the exit of sand in case the sections separate at the joints g.

The tiles D support the respective wheels independently of each other, and give a firm level bed for each wheel to rest upon, so that said wheels are not liable to become warped, while the mass of sand E serves to insure an equal, distribution of heat to all parts of the wheel, giving uniformity ot action and preventing overburnin g any portion thereof, thus effecting the production of a superior class of wheels and rendering the operation of successfully burning large-sized wheels comparatively safe, inexpensive, and easy.

The stand may comprise any desired or convenient number of wheels, either more or less than here shown, according to the requirements of the kiln or number of wheels to be made, and the rings G and tiles D may be made to conform to the respective regular sizes of wheels manufactured.

Vhat I claim as of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The improvement in the art of burning solid emery-wheels, which consists in supporting the wheel by a level bed of quartz-sand upon a tile, enveloping its periphery in such sand, and subjecting it to the kilnfires within a close protecting casing, substantiallyas hereinbefore set forth.

2. In an apparatus for burning solid emerywheels, the rings G for surrounding and vprotecting the wheels within the kiln, provided with overlappingjoints g, adapted for permitting expansion of the ring and contents, substantially as hereinbefore Set forth.

3. The tile or hat of refractory brick material, provided with aleveled surfacing of loose quartz sand, employed as a bed vfor solid emerywheels during thc process of firing orburning, as set. forth.

4. rIhe combination, in an apparatus for burning emery-wheels, of the tiles D,the sectional rings G, and the quartz-sand filling E, as hcreinbefore set forth.

5. The method of forming kiln-stands for the burning of solid emery-wheels hereinbefore described-viz., with the saggers C, tiles D, sectional rings G, clay flats z', and comminutedquartz lling E, arranged in the manner shown, and embracing the wheels, substantially asset forth.

6. The combination, with the sectional ring G and comminuted filling material E, of the clay joint-bars J, as and for the purpose srt forth.

Vitness my hand this 19th day of April, A. D. 1882.

FRANKLIN B. NORTON.

Witnesses:

Unas. H. BURLEIGH, J oHN Howes. 

